Title: Indigenous Post-Secondary School Experiences: A Comparison Between Canada, The United States, Australia, and New Zealand
Abstract
Resilience has traditionally been understood as the interplay between individual traits and environmental factors. Those environmental factors encompass systems and structures that impact individuals which in some instances can perpetrate structural violence, harming individuals by preventing them from meeting basic needs. This purpose of this longitudinal, mixed-methods study was to explore how severity of exposure to parental gender-based violence impacts perceptions and experiences of structures and the resilience of children across Canada. Primary caregivers of 170 children exposed to violence across Canada completed a series of online surveys at baseline and 1-year follow-up, while a sub-set of 40 caregivers shared their lived experiences via semi-structured interviews. Using decision tree modelling, caregivers reported that societal systems, such as schools and police, were helpful for children exposed to low-severity violence while the same systems were perceived as less helpful when violence was more severe. Qualitatively, using interpretive description methods, structural violence was described as manifesting through distrust of institutional systems (social), financial exclusion (economic), and limited personal agency that undermined decision making (political). These findings highlight the urgent need for Canadian systems to adopt trauma- and violence-informed care approaches that prioritize child-centered, integrated, and adequately resourced services. Without systemic reform, children will continue to encounter structural violence within the very institutions meant to protect them, undermining their resilience.
Title: Integrating Mindfulness and Leader Character in Health Professions Education: A Proposal to Support Resilient Future Healthcare Professionals
Abstract
Background: Interprofessional healthcare students (IHCS) often experience elevated stress, burnout, and challenges in professional identity formation during training, which may persist into clinical practice and affect care quality. Mindfulness- and character-based approaches have been proposed to support well-being and professional development; however, their educational relevance and feasibility within health professional education (HPE) remain underexplored. Objectives: This doctoral research aims to examine the feasibility and educational relevance of Mindfulness-Based Strengths Practice (MBSP) and an adapted version incorporating leader character (MBSP-LC) for IHCS. The MBSP-LC adaptation draws on the Ivey Leader Character Framework developed at Ivey Business School, which has been examined across multiple leader populations. Proposed Methods: Using a sequential mixed-methods design, the dissertation comprises three phases. First, a scoping review will map mindfulness- and character-based interventions in HPE to identify gaps and inform outcome selection for subsequent evaluation. Second, a pilot randomized controlled trial will compare MBSP and MBSP-LC delivered over eight weeks to IHCS, with a focus on feasibility, acceptability, and estimation of preliminary signals related to mindfulness, well-being, burnout, resilience, professional identity formation, and leadership development. Third, a descriptive qualitative study using reflective journals will explore participants’ experiences and perceptions of relevance within educational contexts. Future Directions: Findings will inform the development of a practical, evidence-informed educational toolkit to support integration of mindfulness and leader character development within HPE curricula, electives, and early-career training. This work aims to inform scalable, preventative approaches to supporting learner well-being and professional development in healthcare education.
Title: Patients’ experiences with musculoskeletal spinal pain: a qualitative systematic review
Abstract
Methods: On January 26, 2025, we searched Medline, CINAHL, Scopus, Web of Science, and EMBASE, plus grey literature, for qualitative studies examining adult experiences of MSK spinal pain. The protocol was registered in PROSPERO and published. Two independent reviewers completed screening, extraction, and quality appraisal using the Joanna Briggs Institute (JBI) qualitative checklist. We synthesized findings using meta-aggregation and assessed confidence in each synthesized finding with GRADE-CERQual. Results: Fifty studies were included: 43 on LBP, seven on NP, and none on TP, highlighting a major evidence gap. Five synthesized findings described patients’ experiences: (1) persistent uncertainty and the overwhelming nature of spinal pain and its impact on daily life (moderate confidence); (2) navigating complex healthcare systems while seeking relief (moderate confidence); (3) emotional and social toll (high confidence); (4) adapting and building resilience (high confidence); and (5) the influence of deep-seated beliefs on understanding and managing spinal pain (moderate confidence). Findings were broadly consistent across regions, with some differences. Conclusion: MSK spinal pain involves interconnected physical, emotional, social, belief-related, and healthcare-driven challenges. Patient-centered care should address symptoms and broader psychosocial impacts. The absence of TP studies highlights an urgent priority for future qualitative research.
Title: Mapping Physical Activity Participation Barriers and Facilitators in Culturally/Linguistically Diverse Older Canadian Adults
Abstract
Staying active is one of the most important ways for older adults to maintain health, social connection, and independence. However, many older East Asian immigrants in Canada face obstacles that make joining community exercise programs difficult. Cultured and gendered expectations, language barriers, unfamiliar environments, and programs that do not inspire a sense of welcomeness all contribute to feelings of unease or being unsure if these spaces are “for them.” As a result, many rely only on everyday undertakings like walking or household tasks for physical activity, missing out on the broader physical, mental, and social benefits of structured exercise programming. This project asks: How do older East Asian immigrants experience and make meaning of community-based exercise programs in the Greater Toronto Area, their engagement behaviours, and what are some shared values and beliefs? Through a focused ethnographic approach, the combination of intrapersonal and social contextual factors which shape their engagement and how meaning is generated within structured exercise program settings will be mapped. Using a social model of disability lens, the study will also identify how social structures – not individual “deficits” – create barriers to participation. The intertwined aspects of cultural identity, motivation, migration, and aging within community and context will be explored. The goal is to produce clear, actionable knowledge that community organizations, health professionals, and policy makers can use to build programs that are culturally responsive, inclusive, and truly accessible. By centering the voices of older East Asian immigrants, this research supports healthier aging, stronger social connections, and more equitable public health strategies across Canada.
Title: Volunteer Spaces as Third Places: Exploring Spatial Dimensions of Social Inclusion for Older Adults
Abstract
Background. Although older adults can make significant contributions that strengthen communities, they remain at risk for social isolation. Despite volunteering being an occupation that can promote social inclusion, well-being, and community engagement in later life, rates of volunteer participation amongst older adults in Canada have declined. While existing research has demonstrated individual-level outcomes of volunteering, less attention has been given to volunteer spaces themselves. Current literature offers limited insight into how volunteer environments are experienced as meaningful places, or when they function as “third places” that foster participation, belonging and inclusion for older adults. Study objectives. This study has two objectives: (1) to synthesize existing knowledge on volunteer spaces functioning as third places in the lives of older adults, and (2) to explore features of volunteer spaces that support or hinder their experience as third places. Study design. A two-phase study will examine volunteer spaces as third places in later life. Methods. Phase one involves a scoping review to synthesize existing literature and identify knowledge gaps related to volunteer spaces as third places. Phase two involves a focused qualitative analysis of interview data from a SSHRC-funded, multi-sited ethnographic study of third places including retirees. A critical, and reflexive thematic analysis will examine when, why and how volunteer spaces are identified and experienced as third places. Significance. This study will generate foundational knowledge about how volunteer spaces may function as inclusive third places for older adults. Findings can inform volunteer program design, community planning, and strategies supporting volunteering, social connection and belonging in later life.
Title: Collective Occupations in a Program for Muslim Older Adults
Abstract
Background: Collective occupations are culturally situated activities that are uniquely engaged in by groups or communities with the purpose of forming and maintaining social connections and cohesion. Existing literature suggests that individuals can experience a sense of belonging and social inclusion when participating in such occupations, which is important as social exclusion and loneliness are emerging concerns within the aging population, specifically Muslim older adults. Objectives: We aimed to understand how collective occupations occur within a weekly culturally and religiously-tailored social program for Muslim older adults in a mid-sized Canadian city and the impact of engaging in such occupations on the participants. Methods: This focused ethnography is grounded in a constructivist perspective using an intersectionality lens to understand the varied experiences and explore how different social identities shape their interactions. We recruited English and Arabic-speaking older adults aged 55 years and older who attend at least two sessions of the social program per month. Observations are exploring participants’ engagement with collective occupations. Semi-structured interviews are examining participants’ experiences in the program. Findings: Data collection and analysis are ongoing. Initial findings reveal that participants express feelings of belonging, joy, and developing new friendships when engaging in collective occupations within the program. Future applications/directions: Findings will highlight the value of collective occupations for Muslim older adults. This study will further contribute to existing research gaps on collective occupations from the perspectives of individuals from diverse cultures or religious groups. These findings can inform community programs, social initiatives aimed at improving inclusion, cultural preservation, and social cohesion.
Title: Co-designing Workplace Wellbeing Innovations with Young People Living with HIV Peer Supporters Across African Health Systems
Abstract
Background: Young people living with HIV (YPLHIV) peer supporters play a critical role in paediatric-adolescent HIV care by providing psychosocial support grounded in shared lived experience. Despite their importance, peer supporters often work under conditions of emotional strain, limited organizational support, and structural inequities, which have been exacerbated by recent global HIV funding reductions. While provider wellbeing is increasingly recognized as central to health system sustainability, there remains limited empirical work examining how social and structural contexts shape resilience and wellbeing among YPLHIV peer supporters, particularly across diverse African health systems. Participatory approaches such as generative co-design remain underutilized in developing contextually grounded wellbeing innovations for frontline providers. Objectives: This study aims to (1) explore the individual, relational, and structural factors influencing resilience and wellbeing among YPLHIV peer supporters in South Africa, Kenya, and Cameroon; and (2) examine how generative co-design methods can be used to develop workplace wellbeing innovations, with attention to how power dynamics, participation, and collective agency are negotiated within co-design. Proposed Methods: Guided by a generative co-design framework, this qualitative, multi-country study will involve preparatory context-mapping, online focus group discussions with peer supporters, and participatory co-design workshops using persona scenarios and appreciative inquiry. Ethnographic field notes will document interactional dynamics within co-design spaces. Data will be analyzed using interpretive thematic analysis informed by relational and collective resilience theory. Future Directions: Findings will inform the co-development of a contextually responsive workplace wellbeing innovation and contribute methodological insights in participatory design with frontline providers in resource-constrained health systems.
Title: Social Connectedness and Dementia in Racialized Older Adults
Abstract
Background: Loneliness is an officially recognized growing public health concern among older Canadians and is linked to dementia risk and progression. Older adults with dementia face unique challenges, such as shifting relationships, reduced autonomy, and communication barriers that heighten isolation. Even as Canada’s aging population becomes more racially diverse, racialized older adults continue to encounter cultural, discriminatory, and systemic barriers to social connection. Gender further shapes these experiences, yet the combined effects of race, gender, and dementia remain largely unexplored. Objectives: This study investigates how marginalization through race and gender influences social isolation and loneliness among racialized older adults with dementia in Canada. Proposed Methods: Using Gadamer’s interpretivist phenomenological design, questionnaires and semi-structured interviews will be done with five dyads between family members and non-white identifying adults aged 65+ with diagnosed low to moderate Alzheimer’s Disease or Lewy Body Dementia in urban centers. Questionnaires will capture demographic data; interviews will explore experiences of connection, barriers, community integration, and emotional well-being. Analysis will be conducted using dialogic hermeneutics and critical race theory to identify patterns across race and gender. Future Applications/Directions: Findings will inform culturally and gender-sensitive health interventions, programs, policies, and health practices, and guide future research on promoting social connection among vulnerable racialized older adults living with dementia by gaining a deeper understanding of their experiences and needs.
Title: Bridging the Gap in Dementia Care: Communication Strategies for Empowering Family Caregivers
Abstract
In Canada, family caregivers provide over 470 million hours of unpaid dementia care annually. Communication breakdown, not symptom severity, is the primary source of caregiver distress. As dementia disrupts everyday interactions, caregivers frequently experience isolation and a lack of preparedness. Most existing support programs focus on general education rather than providing practical, real-time communication coaching.
The McCormick Mobile Program is a five-week, home-based intervention designed to address this gap by offering personalized communication coaching, behavioral interpretation, and relational problem-solving. This longitudinal qualitative study investigates how communication support can increase caregiver confidence and reduce burden, and explores how these needs may vary across different caregiving situations. Using interpretive description methodology, the analysis draws on three semi-structured interviews with caregivers (pre/post-training and at follow-up), and on researcher field notes from 45 caregivers, including both program participants and wait-listed individuals. This comparative approach aims to clarify the impact of communication-centered support. Preliminary findings from the pilot phase (n=10) show that caregivers report greater confidence, improved communication strategies, and reduced emotional burden. Notably, caregivers found that personalized, real-time coaching was substantially more helpful than traditional clinic-based interventions. By framing communication as a skill that can be learned and adapted, this research will demonstrate that targeted interventions empower caregivers to respond flexibly, foster meaningful relationships, and better manage daily caregiving challenges. These insights will inform program refinement and support the broader implementation of community-based interventions to promote health equity, ensuring all family caregivers have access to effective support, regardless of location.
Title: The impact of riddles and trivia during exercise for individuals with neurological conditions: A protocol
Abstract
Background: The Parkwood Virtual Fitness Centre (PVFC) is a program designed to provide people with neurological conditions with fully modified, virtual exercise classes, thus eliminating environmental and transportation barriers. One class the PVFC offers is Cognitive Cardio, which combines cardiovascular exercises with riddles and trivia questions. Research has found that distractions during exercise may enhance the experience and improve mood. However, there is limited research regarding combining exercise with riddles and trivia, with people with neurological conditions, despite the breadth of literature on the benefits of exercise for this population. Objective: To explore participants’ perspectives of the Cognitive Cardio class, with a specific focus on how the addition of cognitive tasks during exercise impacts their experiences. Methods: The study will employ a qualitative research design guided by the Canadian Disability Participation Project (2018) Quality Participation Blueprint. Data will be collected using a semi-structured interview and the Measure of Experiential Aspects of Participation (MeEAP) scale. Thematic analysis will be conducted by thoroughly reviewing transcripts, identifying key themes and subthemes, and conducting cross-case analysis to compare experiences among participants. Future directions: These findings will provide the first insight into how distractions, such as riddles and trivia, impact the experiences during exercise for people with neurological conditions. As such, the findings can be used for similar programming seeking to combine cognitive elements to exercise. Future research should investigate alternative applications of cognitive distraction to enhance understanding of how these elements may shape the experience for the participants.
Title: What language and communication assessments for acquired language and communication disorders have been developed or adapted for the Canadian context?
Abstract
Canada’s demographic tapestry is complex, woven from official bilingualism, a multitude of immigrant and heritage languages, and the rich linguistic traditions of First Nations, Inuit, and Métis whose land we stand on. This significant variety stands in stark contrast to the often-monolithic nature of standardized assessments used to identify and characterize acquired language and communication disorders such as aphasia. Accordingly, this scoping review will critically examine the availability and suitability of assessments for acquired language and communication disorders within Canada’s unique ethnoculturally and linguistically diverse context. Its overall purpose is to determine what language and communication assessments for acquired language and communication disorders have been developed or adapted for the Canadian context. Specific aims are as follows: highlight which language and communication disorders are represented in the tools for the Canadian context, evaluate the extent to which these tools account for Canada’s ethnocultural and linguistic diversity, and assess the suitability and availability of tools for Canadians who use languages other than English. Additionally, we will critically analyze issues within the assessments identified such as the representativeness of their normative data, demographic profiles of participant samples, and broader questions of test suitability for diverse populations in Canada. The study will follow the PRISMA Scoping Review guidelines and involve structured searches using academic databases, looking at both empirical papers and grey literature. Ultimately, the study seeks to uncover whether there are diagnostic inequities due to a lack of culturally responsive assessments in this growing culturally diverse country.
Title: Exploring the clinical utility of oral sensory testing as part of a swallowing assessment
Abstract
Background & Objectives: Swallowing is a complex sensorimotor act, in which sensation from the upper aerodigestive tract (UADT) plays multiple roles, including triggering the swallow motor pattern and adjusting its physiological parameters. However, the utility of sensory testing as part of clinical assessments of swallowing is not well understood. As such, the objectives of this research program are: 1) to examine how Canadian speech-language pathologists (SLPs) are currently testing sensation of the UADT, and 2) to investigate if clinically detectable changes in oral sensation impact eating and swallowing function and/or physiology. Methods: To address Objective 1, an online survey will be distributed to Canadian SLPs. Questions will cover: a) demographics, b) sensory assessment behaviours, and c) principles guiding practice behaviours. Univariate and nonparametric statistics will be used to analyze the data, as well as thematic analysis for open text responses. Objective 2 will be addressed with a prospective study examining relationships between oral sensation and swallowing function in healthy young versus older adults. Participants will complete comprehensive oral sensory testing of 2-point discrimination, point-pressure sensitivity, texture discrimination, and oral stereognosis, as well as the most reported method identified in study 1. Participants’ swallowing function and physiology will be assessed using clinical and instrumental measures. Potential correlations will be investigated with nonparametric statistics. Future applications: Broadly, this work could further our understanding of the relevance of sensation in successful swallowing motor execution. Within the field of SLP, it could provide further evidence in support of clinical sensory assessment protocols for use in swallowing care.
Title: Between the Lines: A Discourse Analysis of Media Representations of Dementia and Care Responsibility
Abstract
Background: Canada’s aging population has led to increasing rates of dementia and growing demands for care. News media play an important role in shaping public perceptions of dementia and may influence how responsibility for care is understood across families, health systems, and governments. While prior research has examined media portrayals of dementia, less attention has been paid to identifying dominant frames of care responsibility at a pan-Canadian level and situating these frames within broader policy contexts. Objectives: This study examines how Canadian news media construct dominant frames of dementia and care responsibility and explores regional variation across provinces. Policy discourse is used as an interpretive context to triangulate findings and situate media representations within ongoing conversations about responsibility for dementia care. Methods: A qualitative analysis guided by Entman’s framing analysis and Fairclough’s Critical Discourse Analysis was conducted on English-language Canadian news media articles published between January 1, 2023, and January 1, 2025, retrieved from the Factiva database. Of 2,731 identified items, a sub-sample of 300 articles was reviewed, with 182 meeting inclusion criteria. A second phase applies the Senior-Friendly Care Framework to national and provincial dementia policy documents to contextualize media framings. Preliminary Results: Findings indicate that media coverage frequently emphasizes caregiving responsibility and competing expectations between familial and institutional actors, alongside a smaller subset highlighting empowerment and resilience. Conclusions: By centering dominant media frames and situating them alongside policy discourse, this study advances understanding of how responsibility for dementia care is constructed within public narratives in Canada.
Title: A Canadian Survey of Aphasia Intervention Service Delivery Practices
Abstract
Background: Aphasia is an acquired language disorder most commonly resulting from stroke, which significantly impairs an individual’s ability to communicate, impacting overall health outcomes. Despite the prevalence of aphasia in Canada, there is limited documentation regarding how aphasia intervention services are delivered across clinical settings. Without a clear understanding of current practice, it is difficult not only to understand the clinical decisions speech-language pathologists (SLPs) make, but also to identify trends, variability and gaps in service delivery. Such information is key to determining the adequacy of aphasia rehabilitation nationwide. Objectives: The study aims to describe current aphasia intervention service delivery practices among Canadian SLPs, focusing on therapy dosage, intensity, mode of delivery and the clinical focus of intervention sessions. A secondary aim is to examine practice patterns and clinician-reported factors that influence intervention planning and delivery. Differences across Canadian regions and workplace settings will be explored. Proposed Methods: This study will use an online, mixed-methods survey targeting Canadian SLPs who provide rehabilitation therapy to adults with aphasia. Quantitative items will examine service delivery patterns, while including open-ended questions will explore the clinicians’ perspectives on factors shaping practice and support needs. Descriptive statistics and qualitative analyses will be applied. Future Applications: Findings will address a significant knowledge gap in both aphasia research and clinical practice by describing the current interventions practices reported by Canadian SLPs. Results will inform directions for clinical guideline development, service planning and future research to improve access and quality of aphasia rehabilitation.
Title: Are We Confused by Delirium in Older Adults? A Scoping Review on the breadth and depth of interprofessional assessment, intervention and monitoring of older adults with Delirium in clinical settings
Abstract
Objectives: This proposal aims to explore the breadth and depth of delirium assessment , intervention and monitoring in clinical environments with a focus on interdisciplinary assessment for older adults above the age of 65 years. Methods: This scoping review is informed by Arskey and O’Malley’s scoping review framework. English language peer reviewed literature from 2005-2025 in four databases (EMBASE, Cochrane, MedLine and CINAHL), as well as other sources (Google Scholar, OSL Prescreens, other grey literature) will be reviewed, charted and synthesized. Expected Findings: A preliminary search of the literature found that within clinical settings delirium focused interprofessional interventions revolve around education, assessment tool compliance (CAM, 4AT, NuDESC) and technology intervention programs (NOVAD, EMR form programs and their outcomes). Routine delirium screening assessments are mostly completed individually and asynchronously among clinical staff possibly presenting a gap. Conclusion: Knowing what practices exist, and which professions are involved at which points and with what desired or undesired impact, provides a roadmap for future work in identifying existing strategies as well as gaps where synergistic interdisciplinary interventions for better patient outcomes in older adult Delirium in clinical settings.
Title: Understanding Family Caregivers’ Communication Strategies with Persons Living with Dementia
Abstract
For persons living with dementia, everyday conversations with their caregivers typically become confusing or can be stressful. Spouses and adult-children often are caregivers of their own family members living with dementia. However, many caregivers are unsure about how to communicate in ways that reduce frustration and support connection. Although research shows that person-centred strategies, such as speaking calmly and validating feelings, can make interactions more positive, caregivers are rarely trained in how to use these techniques throughout their daily care and interactions. This study will explore how family caregivers describe their communication strengths and challenges when supporting a person living with dementia. Through the collection of semi-structured interviews, this study aims to analyze how caregivers perceive their own communication abilities, which strategies they use to manage communication breakdowns, and the ways in which caregivers’ self-appraisals relate to evidence-based communication in dementia care. A secondary aim will also compare reflections between spouses and adult-children, as well as across genders, to understand how different caregiving roles and social expectations shape communication experiences. By identifying both effective approaches and missed opportunities, this planned research will contribute to improving communication training in dementia care. The findings will ensure that future communication programs build on the strategies in which caregivers practice and appraise as successful, while offering support in areas where they feel uncertain.
Title: An Overlooked Barrier: The Implications of Specific Learning Disorder on Health Self-Management Abilities
Abstract
Specific learning disorder (SLD) is a neurodevelopmental condition defined by impairments in information processing and perception, particularly in reading, writing, and mathematics. Structural and functional brain abnormalities are often seen in individuals with SLD, causing deficits in fluid cognitive abilities, which may constrain key health competencies, including health literacy. These challenges in academics and daily literacy tasks can instill negative beliefs about personal competencies, reducing self-efficacy for self-management and health engagement. Given that low health literacy is linked to adverse outcomes and that self-efficacy underlies frameworks of health competence and activation, these inferiorities may hold significant implications for health promotion. However, research examining the relationship between SLD and health management is absent. This thesis will compare various health management competencies—namely, health literacy, patient activation, and perceived health competence—of Ontario young adults (aged 18–30) with SLD against their peers. Participants will be asked to complete one skill assessment and three self-reports to assess their health management. Data will be analyzed using multiple linear regressions to examine between-group differences as well as associations between SLD severity and outcome scores. Other participant characteristics will be summarized using descriptive statistics and examined using exploratory analyses. This study brings overdue attention to the needs of the SLD community, laying the groundwork for future research and neurodiversity-affirming standards of care. In doing so, it can help improve health outcomes, reduce systemic barriers, and promote greater health equity for individuals with SLD.
Title: Exploring Sexual Health Experiences Among Women Who Have Sex with Women (WSW) in Ontario, Canada
Abstract
This qualitative study examines the sexual health experiences of women who have sex with women (WSW) aged 18 to 28 in Ontario. Sexual health in this context includes physical well-being, sexual practices, and access to information, affirmative care, and representational educational resources. While recent policy efforts in Ontario have sought to expand culturally safe supports for 2SLGBTQ+ communities, WSW-specific needs remain insufficiently addressed, in part due to limited research attention and disproportionately low levels of funding for sexual minority women in Canada. Using in-depth, semi-structured qualitative interviews on zoom, the study examines how WSW navigate sexual health education, healthcare systems, and informal sources of information. Anticipated findings include the women’s sexual health experiences and sexual behaviors, as well as their perspectives on the supports and resources they find most meaningful. By foregrounding participant voices, this research identifies shared patterns shaping WSW’s access to and engagement with sexual health care. The findings will contribute to more inclusive understanding of sexual health among this marginalized population and help inform the development of culturally safe and representative sexual health education programming and resources for WSW in Ontario and beyond.
Title: Exploring Care Farms: A Scoping Review of What is Known About Care Farming
Abstract
Background: Care farming is described as the use of farming practices on agricultural land to promote physical, mental, and social health and to provide life skills and vocational training to its users. The most common populations supported through care farms currently include those with learning difficulties, autism spectrum disorder, mental health challenges, physical disabilities, and dementia, as well as older adults, alienated young people, and offenders on probation. Care farm participation has been shown to lead to a range of benefits including, but not limited to, improved quality of life, sense of belonging, wellbeing, and cognitive capacity, as well as decreased behavioural concerns, depression, confusion, and fatigue. Objective: The aim of this scoping review is to synthesize and examine the existing knowledge on care farms, globally, in both academic and grey literature to develop a better understanding of the populations involved in care farming, the aims of care farms, their feasibility, and how care farm users are positioned within the care farm context. This scoping review also aims to identify current gaps in knowledge and user groups. Methods: Electronic database searches were completed in Embase, PsycINFO, PubMed, and SCOPUS to find relevant academic literature. Grey literature will be searched through Dissertations and Theses Global, and carefarmingnetwork.org to access registered care farm websites. Preliminary search results show that care farming is an understudied topic without a widespread, accepted definition. These findings support the need for additional research and definition creation. Data collection and analysis for this review is iterative and ongoing.
Title: Developing an Innovative Approach to Research with Transgender Youth: Narrative and Arts-based Timeline Methods for Exploring Trans Joy and Resistance
Abstract
Background: Transgender (trans) communities are sites of joy, connection, and resistance for many trans people, especially amid alarming rates of violence and resulting disproportionate health and well-being challenges. Despite these possibilities, most trans literature are deficit-based, which can reinforce trans oppression. Recently, researchers have moved to address this ‘joy deficit,’ however, there remains a gap in literature on trans youth’s experiences of joy. Objectives: The objectives of my proposed research are: (1) explore trans youths’ experiences of community, joy, and resistance, and the social, environmental, and structural factors that shape them over time, and (2) innovate an arts-based timeline method for generating strengths-focused evidence in trans life course research. Proposed Methods: I will conduct narrative interviews focused on gender, joy, connection, and resistance with 20 transgender youth aged 16-25. Interviews will be followed by a workshop where participants will reflect on initial interview themes and create and co-analyze a shared timeline of personal stories and community histories, using art, photos, and writing. I will code and analyze the timeline and interview and workshop transcripts using thematic narrative analysis. I will also turn the visual timeline into an interactive knowledge mobilization tool to be used at a community exhibition to share findings and engage guests in an intergenerational dialogue about trans joy. Future Applications: This work will contribute important information on how trans youth practice joy, connection, and resistance in the face of oppression. My innovative method will have potential future applications in research with intergenerational groups of trans people, as well as other marginalized groups.
Title: Prevalence, Incidence, and Factors Associated with Receiving Formal or Informal Home Care among Adults with Back Pain: A Systematic Review Protocol
Abstract
Background: Back pain is the leading cause of disability worldwide, and its burden increases with age. Mobility and functional limitations among persons with back pain may affect their ability to perform activities of daily living and maintain independence. With an increasing preference for aging in place - remaining at home or within the community rather than entering a long-term care facility - understanding home-based care in adults with back pain is important. However, the prevalence, incidence, and factors associated with receiving formal and informal home care in this population remain unclear. Objective: To examine the prevalence, incidence, and the factors associated with receiving formal and informal home care among adults with back pain. Methods: We will conduct a systematic review with a comprehensive search of databases for studies examining the prevalence, incidence, or associated factors of receiving home care in adults with back pain. Paired independent reviewers will screen studies, extract data, and assess quality using Joanna Briggs Institute checklists. A meta-analysis will be conducted to pool relevant estimates (and 95% confidence intervals) if studies are homogeneous. A narrative synthesis will be conducted instead, if studies are heterogeneous. Synthesis will be stratified by age (adults vs older adults ≥60 years), type of home care, and remuneration (paid vs unpaid). Future Applications: Understanding how many people with back pain receive formal and informal home care, and factors associated with home care, may guide policies and resource planning to improve home-based support in this population and inform future research.
Title: Exploring barriers and facilitators for social participation among older adults with back pain: A scoping review protocol
Abstract
Background: Low back pain (LBP) is a prevalent musculoskeletal condition among older adults and a leading contributor to disability, reduced independence, and lower quality of life. Beyond physical impacts, LBP can limit mobility and engagement in social, recreational, and community activities, increasing the potential for social isolation and poor mental health. However, there is limited understanding of factors that hinder or facilitate meaningful social participation in this population. Understanding these barriers and facilitators can inform interventions, policies, and rehabilitation strategies to promote healthy aging and well-being. Objective: We aim to explore lived experiences of barriers and facilitators to social participation among older adults with LBP. Methods: We will conduct a scoping review guided by the Joanna Briggs Institute methodology and report findings following PRISMA-Scoping Review guidelines. Social participation is defined as involvement in activities providing interaction with others in community, social, and recreational contexts. Databases, including MEDLINE, EMBASE, CINAHL, PsycINFO, and Scopus, will be searched for qualitative and mixed-methods studies (extracting qualitative component) reporting barriers or facilitators to social participation in adults aged ≥60 years with LBP. Paired independent reviewers will screen citations and extract data. Data will be synthesized descriptively and mapped according to domains of the International Classification of Functioning, Disability, and Health framework. Future directions: Findings will provide an overview of factors influencing social participation, highlight modifiable factors and research gaps. Ultimately, it will inform future work that supports the development of rehabilitation strategies to enhance social engagement and quality of life in older adults with LBP.
Title: Influence of Cognitive Impairment and Hearing Loss on Conversations in Older Adults
Abstract
Background: This study aims to advance ecologically valid measures of communication function in older adults with hearing loss and cognitive impairment. 33 English-speaking participants (51% female) 65 years and older (M=79.5, SD=8.9) with mild-severe hearing loss (M=46.75 dB HL, SD=11.6) and no more than mild-moderate cognitive impairment participated. Communication performance was assessed using the Diapix task, a validated joint-problem solving communication task involving two partners to examine communication efficiency and effectiveness. Objectives: The objectives are to describe a novel two-tiered discourse annotation system for analyzing functional communication. Tier 1 captures communication outcomes, indexing efficiency and effectiveness of task performance. Tier 2 captures communication processes, providing qualitative information about the strategies used to establish and maintain shared understanding. Together, this tiered system offers complimentary indicators of functional communication for clinical use. Methods: Conversational interactions were recorded and analyzed using a structured discourse framework informed by Common Ground Theory and Communication Accommodation Theory. Tier 1 measures quantified communication efficiency and effectiveness during task completion. Tier 2 analyses applied the DAMSL annotation system to code speech acts, capturing how individual utterances contributed to shared understanding. Hearing status was evaluated through a hearing assessment and cognitive ability was assessed using a standardized battery measuring verbal learning, semantic memory, and executive functioning. Participants also completed self-report questionnaires assessing social and everyday function. Significance: Together, these methods produce a multidimensional account of functional communication in older adults and inform the development of clinically meaningful outcome measures for individuals living with hearing loss and cognitive impairment.
Title: Association of Depression or Depressive Symptoms with Healthcare Utilization and Unmet Healthcare Needs among Adults with Low Back Pain: A Systematic Review Protocol
Abstract
Background: Low back pain is a leading cause of disability worldwide and is associated with substantial healthcare needs. Depression and depressive symptoms frequently co-occur with low back pain and may influence patterns of healthcare use as well as access to care. While psychological factors have been widely studied in relation to pain outcomes, no systematic review has synthesized up-to-date evidence on the association between depression or depressive symptoms and healthcare utilization or unmet healthcare needs among adults with low back pain. Objectives: The objective of this systematic review is to examine the association between depression or depressive symptoms and healthcare utilization and unmet healthcare needs among adults with low back pain. Proposed Methods: This systematic review will be reported in accordance with PRISMA guidelines. A search will be performed in MEDLINE, Embase, PsycINFO, and CINAHL from inception to present. Eligible studies will examine associations between depression or depressive symptoms and outcomes of healthcare utilization (e.g., physician visits, diagnostic imaging) or unmet healthcare needs in adults with low back pain. We will include studies where depression or depressive symptoms are assessed using diagnostic criteria or standardized instruments. Two reviewers will independently conduct study screening, data extraction, and using the Quality in Prognostic Studies (QUIPS) tool for Risk of Bias assessment. Where sufficient homogeneity exists across studies, random-effects meta-analysis will be conducted; findings will be synthesized narratively. Future Directions: This review will clarify how depression shapes healthcare use and access among adults with low back pain and may inform more integrated, equitable, and patient-centered models of pain management.
Title: A Scoping Review on Intimate Partner Violence and Reproductive Autonomy in Canada
Abstract
Background: 44 per cent of Canadian women who have been in an intimate relationship have reported experiencing violence. Reproductive coercion is a form of intimate partner violence (IPV) that involves exerting control over a partner’s reproductive decision-making regardless of a woman’s own choices. Reproductive autonomy involves having the power to independently control reproductive matters. Women who resist reproductive coercion use a variety of strategies to preserve their reproductive autonomy. Objective: The objective of this scoping review is to explore influences on reproductive decision-making of Canadian women experiencing IPV and the relationship between IPV and reproductive services use in Canada. Methods: To identify gaps for future research, a scoping review using a comprehensive database search strategy was used. 7908 articles were screened using Covidence. 9 peer-reviewed articles published in English, focusing on reproductive autonomy and/or reproductive decision-making and intimate partner violence, and took place in Canada were screened and selected for data extraction, informing numerical and descriptive content analysis. Results: Using thematic analysis, the findings demonstrate that reproductive decision-making among women is influenced by their partner through various forms of violence, impacting how they utilize reproductive services. Women presenting for reproductive services including abortions, sexually transmitted infection testing, emergency contraception, and other services may indicate a need for IPV screening. Women in these situations experience a lack of autonomy and control over their reproductive health and decision-making. Implications: Future research should explore how reproductive autonomy can be enacted in IPV relationships to regain control over one’s reproductive health.
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