title:
<h2 align=center>Disturbed Hemodynamics</h2>
<p>Practice your knowledge of the concepts raised in the small group discussions and lectures dealing with <b>hemodynamics</b> in these clinical scenarios.  
<br>In the multiple choice answers click on whichever answer you feel is the best or most appropriate answer.  This quiz has been set up to provide you with a series of questions pertaining to a clinical scenario. Each clinical scenario has one to three questions and in most cases images of the normal tissue or organ has been included for comparison to the pathological sample.  Complete the questions for each scenario before proceeding on to the next.

<p><hr size=2>
header:
<h3 align="center">Disturbed Hemodynamics</h3>
footer:
[ <a href="http://www.uwo.ca/cgi-bin/geniq/pathol/MedsI/quizzes/hemodynamics/fluids3.iq">Next clinical scenario</a> ] 
<p><address>Please e-mail feedback to <a href="mailto:bgarcia@uwo.ca">The Meds I Pathology Course Coordinator</a></address>

delivery:
simultaneous


question:
<p>
<table align="center" width="90%" cellspacing="2" cellpadding="5" border="2">
<tr align="center"><td><img src="http://www.uwo.ca/pathol/MedsI/quizzes/hemodynamics/nbrain.jpg"></td><td><img src="http://www.uwo.ca/pathol/MedsI/quizzes/hemodynamics/meningitis.jpg"></td></tr>
<tr align="center"><td>Gross photograph of normal brain - sagittal view.</td><td>Gross photograph of the base of the brain showing the cerebellum. Note the dilated blood vessels across the brain tissue. There is also an exudate covering the surface of the cerebellum.</td></tr></table></p>
<p>
This is an autopsy specimen of the surface of the brain. It is taken from a 40 year-old male who was suffering from infection by <i>Niesseria meningitides</i> and had died of disseminated intravascular coagulation. The blood vessels across the brain tissue appear engorged. Which of the following mechanisms most likely contributed to this appearance of the blood vessels?
ans:
Thrombosis.
fbk:
Incorrect, causes occlusion of the blood vessels and may lead to infarction of the brain tissue.
ans:
Infarction.
fbk:
Incorrect, most common cause of infarction of the brain tissue is atherosclerosis and thrombus formation, which is not the case in this patient.
ans:
Passive congestion.
fbk:
Incorrect, occurs due to impaired venous drainage.
ans:
Chronic inflammation.
fbk: 
Incorrect, it is a chronic process characterized by chronic inflammatory cells.
ans:
Active hyperemia.
fbk:
Correct, endothelial injury due to bacteria and an inflammatory response leads to dilatation of blood vessels and augmented blood flow.
correct_answer:
5
<p>

question:
Which of the following statements regarding the circulation in these blood vessels during the disease process is correct?
ans:
Deoxygenated blood accumulation.
fbk:
Incorrect, occurs in passive congestion due to impaired venous drainage.
ans:
Decreased blood flow and stasis.
fbk:
Incorrect, is usually associated with thrombosis.
ans: 
Augmented inflow of oxygenated blood.
fbk:
Correct, this is a feature of active hyperemia.
ans:
Normal blood flow.
fbk:
Incorrect, only in normal tissue with no injury.
ans:
Blood loss due to hemorrhage.
fbk:
Incorrect, indicates vascular rupture due to trauma or atherosclerosis.
correct_answer:
3
<p>